FDA v. Wages and White Lion Investments, LLC

Summary

The Supreme Court held that the Food and Drug Administration’s denial of pre‑market tobacco product applications was not arbitrary or capricious and therefore vacated the Fifth Circuit’s judgment. The Court clarified the proper application of the harmless‑error rule and remanded the case for further proceedings consistent with its opinion. The decision leaves the FDA’s actions intact while sending the matter back to the appellate court to address any remaining issues.